YorùbáLanguage
Ohùn àti ìró · Tones and sounds

Pronunciation

Yoruba spelling is regular: once you know the letters and the three tones, you can read any word aloud.

Three tones

Every syllable is high, mid or low. Tone marks show which: á (acute) is high, a (no mark) is mid, à (grave) is low. A macron (ā) is sometimes written to show a mid tone clearly.

High toneáTones: ọ mid, kọ́ highọkọ́hoe
Mid toneaTones: ọ mid, kọ midọkọhusband
Low toneàTones: ọ mid, kọ̀ lowọkọ̀vehicle

On every word we draw a tone line: a dot on the top line is high, the middle line mid, the bottom line low.

Same letters, three words

Tones: ọ mid, kọ̀ low
ọkọ̀
vehicle — tones: mid · low

Pitch alone changes the word. Every word on this site shows its tone line, so you can see the melody before you say it.

The alphabet

25 letters · no c, q, v, x or z
A a 
B b 
D d 
E eclosed e, as in “day” · ilé
Ẹ ẹopen e, as in “bed” · ẹja
F f 
G g 
GB gbg and b together, lips closed · gbọ́
H h 
I i 
J jas in “jam” · jó
K k 
L l 
M m 
N n 
O oclosed o, as in “go” · orí
Ọ ọopen o, as in “pot” · ọmọ
P pk and p together (kp) · pápá
R ra light tap · orúkọ
S s 
Ṣ ṣ“sh”, as in “shoe” · ṣé
T t 
U u 
W w 
Y yas in “yes” · iyọ̀

Seven vowels

VowelSounds likeExample
aas in “father”ata
eas in “day”, without the yilé
ẹas in “bed”ẹja
ias in “see”igi
oas in “go”, without the worí
ọas in “pot”ọmọ
uas in “food”iṣu

Nasal vowels

An n after a vowel usually isn't a separate sound: it tells you to say the vowel through the nose.

anẹninọnun

A lone n or m can be a syllable of its own and carries its own tone, as in the progressive marker ń (“is …ing”).

Syllables

Every syllable is a vowel, a consonant + vowel, or a syllabic n. So Yoruba words end in a vowel or n — never another consonant.

Hear it from a teacher

Tone is easiest to learn by ear. Our teachers correct your pronunciation live.